The Shannons Diversity Index For South Plots Of Aspen...

Results: The variables that we examined were the mean proportion of the qualitative categories in 2012 vs. 2015, the Shannon’s diversity index for 2012 vs. 2015 for south plots and that of Aspen plots control vs. treatment. These variables were each represented in one of my graphs. The graph in Figure 1 was a histogram which depicted the mean proportion among all 2015 plots for each designated category. The graph compared the qualitative category of ground cover type with the quantitative discrete variable calculated by averaging the proportional frequency of each category among all the south plots. Figure 1 Figure 2The graph in Figure 2 was a histogram which depicted the same variables, but only for the south treatment plots from 2012.†¦show more content†¦The graph in Figure 3 was a bar graph which depicted the mean diversity index for 2012 and 2015 south treatment plots. The graph compared the qualitative variable of year with the quantitative continuous variable calculated by the Shannon’s Diversity index. Figure 3 These results were not very significant as the number of indices recorded was 3 and 3 for group 2012 and 2015 respectively. Consequently, the graph ended up having enormous error bars, which only further indicated that we cannot conclude much from this graph even though the treatment group seemed to have a higher diversity index. In real ecosystems the Shannon’s diversity index often averages between 1.5 and 3.5. Our index was lower even though the ground cover seems fairly diverse as it is not uniformly diverse. This decrease the diversity index as the index fluctuated based diversity and the uniformness of the diversity. Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 4 showed a histogram of the Shannon’s Diversity Indies of the south treatments in both years. The distribution was almost uniform, other than a mode of 2 between .60 and .8. The distribution of the histogram highlighted the lack of data as all, but one of the frequencies was 1. This was also exemplified in Figure 3 by large error bars. The graph in Figure 5 was a bar graph which depicted the mean diversity index for both Aspen treatment and control plots. The graph compared the

Carter Racing - 907 Words

Carter Racing* David Eccles School of Business University of Utah ïÆ'“ Jack W. Brittain, Sim Sitkin 1986, revised 2000 John Carter was not sure, but his brother and partner, Fred Carter, was on the phone and needed a decision. Should they run in the race or not? It had been a successful season so far, but the Pocono race was important because of the prize money and TV exposure it promised. This first year was hard because the team was trying to make its name and so had run in a lot of small races. A successful outing could mean more sponsors, a chance to start making some profits for a change, and the luxury of racing only the major events. But if they suffered another engine failure on national television †¦ â€Å"These†¦show more content†¦If we withdraw now, we can get back half the $30,000 entry. We will lose Goodstone, they’ll want $25,000 of their money back and we’ll end the season $50,000 in the hole. If we run and finish in the top five, we have Goodstone in our pocket and can add another car next season. You know as well as I do, however, that if we run and lose another engine, we are back at square one next season. We will lose the tire sponsorship, and a blown engine is going to lose us the oil contract for sure. No oil company wants a national TV audience to see a smoker being dragged off the track with their name plastered all over it. The oil sponsorship is $800,000 that we cannot live without. Think about it -- call Paul and Tom if you want -- but I need a decision in an hour.† John looked out the window at the crisp autumn sky. The cars were already on the grid, spectators admiring the gaudy paint, excitement mounting in anticipation of the start. This was what made racing at this level special, the cars on display with crowds mingling around and waiting for the engines to roar to life. 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Isnt home is that way,† I say suddenly while I point towards theRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder1174 Words   |  5 Pageshospitalization to prevent harm to others or one’s self or there are psychotic features; the episode is not caused by drugs or substances; and during the mood disturbance at least three or more of the following symptoms need to be present: sleep deprivation, racing thoughts, excessive talking, easily distracted, high risk behavior, inflated ego, and increase in goal-oriented activity. Per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5, â€Å"If the individual’s mood is more irritable than expansive

Petroleum Company In Developing Countries - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Petroleum Company In Developing Countries. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this task is to provide a brief overview about the public relations maintained by the company Shell petroleum in Malaysia. In todays economy, it is very important for an organization to initiate their public relation activities so as to maintain their brand image in the target market. Public relations refer to the practice of maintaining the spread of adequate information in the target market about the organization. This process includes exposing the activities of the organization in the external market and circulating the information according to the public interest. The process of public relation is totally different from advertising in the marketing communication segment as in the process of public relation the organization aims to gain the interest of clients by maintaining relations with clients and keeping them satisfied for free whereas in case of advertisement or marketing the organization spend money to target the audience in the market (Shell 2018). Further the basic aim of the public relation activity is to inform the audience, prospective people about the decisions of the company and their business activities in order to gain their interest. These activities in the market are managed for free. In order manage public relations; companies create a different department which only focuses on the market and relation of stakeholders with the activities of the company. Also the PR department further focuses on different sectors like, financial public relations, employee product relation, product public relation etc. The financial PR focuses on maintaining relations with the stakeholders and the clients, the employee PR takes care of the employees and the employment process of the organization and the product PR focuses on the products and its release in the target market (Santiago 2017). The below mentioned task provides details about the company Shell Petroleum, role of its PR practitioner and challenges faced by them. Further it also discusses about the PR activities initiated by the company, medium of communication and image maintained in the market. More details about the task are discussed below: Background of Shell Petrol Company Shell Oil Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Royal Dutch Shell an oil producing company. Royal Dutch Shell is a multinational company which is a part of largest oil producing companies worldwide. The Shell Oil Company is based in United States and is headquartered in Texas. The company is a global group of energy and petrochemical companies with a group of around 94000 employees in more than 70 countries worldwide. Shell uses advanced technology to maintain sustainable energy in the environment for the near future. In Malaysia, Shell has been supporting the country for fueling the progress of the country over 125 years. The journey of the company the nation is intertwined as Shell plays the role of supporting the country and assisting the sustainable activities in the environment and Malaysia plays the role of helping the company to progress in their industry (Shell 2018). The business of the company has progressed modest kerosene venture to an alliance of companies engaged in p roducing all types of modern gas and oil in the industry. The company in todays world has maintained a strong multi-faceted image in the country by the way of long term investments, innovative and sharing and impacting the local communities as well. The company is currently acting as a market leader by owning total 25000 gas stations in US. Further it shall be noted that the company is most visible public presence and it provides diesel fuel, LPG and gasoline at its gas stations (Shell 2018). Furthermore talking about the strategy of the company, it shall be noted that Shell aims to seek reinforce their position as a leader in the gas and oil industry. Apart from that they also aim to satisfy the demand of the customers present in the target market. Safety of the members and environmental and social health is another objective of the company currently prevailing in the market (Fischer 2017). The purpose of Shell is to remain an important part of the global energy suppliers worldwide; the company believes that it is their role to deliver energy in the environment which is profitable to them along with the environment and society. Apart from that, talking about the departments of the company it shall be noted that Shell aims to work closely with their employees, partners, and stakeholders etc. to bring more sufficient and positive outcome for the people worldwide (Shell 2018). The employees work together to produce output for the customers by using innovative technology in their internal process. The diversified workforces of the company continuously aim to increase the output for the people so that the world can collectively aim for environmental success. As the oil and gas extraction activities bring negative impact to the environment so the employees research for solutions to provide products to the customer in such a way without harming the nature. The people of the company are managed with the leadership programmes which increase the efficiency of the people and bring their talent out as well (Chong, et. al., 2015). Further in Malaysia, Shell has a strong retail network which helps the Malaysian motorists to succeed in their life. The company is in a win-win situation by working in Malaysia as they get to earn brand name ad recognition in the market and the country earns fuel along with other various services in the market. Role of PR practitioner With the help of pubic relation practices initiated in the company, they grew and embraced their performance worldwide. These practices immensely helped the company to grow and initiate the sales of their product in the market. Thus it shall be noted that PR officers of the company helped them to improve their image in target market and increase their sales as well. Further the role and activities which the public relation officers implemented in the organization are discussed below: Community involvement: If an organization is only involved in initiating their business and is not involving the community in their business activities, then the customer will not take interest to purchase the products and services of the company. So, the public relation practitioners of the company involved the community in their day to day activities and informed them about the activities which the company initiates to extract the product from the environment and how they deliver it to them (van Vliet, and Male 2017). Being present in an oil and gas industry it is very difficult for an organization to maintain a good image in the eyes of the customers. So the company Shell has created an adequate image by managing their corporate social activities with the help PR officers and informing the public about their rights and duties as well. In this way people started taking interest in the activities of the company which gradually turned on the sales of Shell as well (Oil Gas Journal 2 017). Media and public liaison: maintaining relationship with media and the stakeholders of the company is also an important part of the job of the PR practitioner of the company. Interacting with the media is the most important part of the process of public relation as it helps the organization in maintaining their image in the market. Suppose if the company does not maintain good relation with the media then the media will portray negative image of the company in the eyes of prospective customers. The PR officers of Shell adequately understand the importance of maintain relation with media, with respect to that they arrange interviews and circulate information about the new plans of the company in the market. They also write press release so as to make media interested in the activities of the company (Ite, et. al., 2013). Furthermore talking about maintaining relation with the public of the company, the PR officers understand the crucial which they perform in the environment. So, the officers understand the importance of respecting the public and initiating activities according to their interest only. The organization adequately maintain the corporate social responsibilities and convey it people in the environment as well. Handling emergencies: many times in going concern process the organization faces problems which hamper their regular day to day activities. This activity also ruins the well maintained public image of the company as well. So, it is the role of the PR practitioner to deal with atrocities in such a way that it does struck or block the activities of the company. As explained above, being present in an oil and gas industry, the company is more prone to threat relating to the catastrophic oil spill etc. this might occur as a disastrous event. So, the PR team of the company manages all such activities in the external environment (Andrews 2015). Communication and consultation: Further communication is regarded as one of the most important role of the PR officers as they initiate communication in the organization. The PR team of the company circulates all the necessary information in the internal and external environment of the organization. They also seek the issues which are affecting the growth of the company. They maintain relationship with the employees of the company and aim to solve their issues as well. Further all the consultation services are provided by the PR team in the organization as well (Adoga, and Valverde 2014). Challenges faced by organization Legal Issues: The Company Shell was fined with $291,000 from 2006 to 2010 because they were violating the law of Clean Air Act. The company became the second most fined company in Pacific Northwest in the year 2011. Before that in the year 2008, a lawsuit was filed against Shell stating that the company violates the Clean Air Act. The organization is among one of the largest producers of oil and gas in the industry due to which many times the company faced difficulty in managing their legal matters. Further the company also polluted the air with their activities in the market due to which the organization faced difficulty in adequately organizing their business activities (Shell 2018). In response to that the public relation team of the company started handling all the legal matters of the company. Initially they stated on their website regarding the activities initiated by the company and how they are aiming to measure them so as to provide clean and fresh air in the environment. Further the management started studying the shift in climate change and how they can be resolved, according to which they made changes in their regular activities as well. So, in this way the organization managed to change their business activities to satisfy the requirements of the nature (Mas' ud, Manaf, and Saad 2014). Contracting and procurement: The Company signs almost 1 million contracts every year in every part of the country with more than 120,000 suppliers worldwide. Also every country and company has their own rules and regulations to operate in the energy sector. Resulting to which many times it gets difficult for the company work according to terms and conditions of all the contracts as stated. All contracts are quoted at different prices for supply of fundamentally same product in different part of the country. So, in order to resolve such confusions in managerial activities of the company public relation team managed their legal and contractual matters. The team organized the contracts of the company with each country and initiated supply of energy according to terms and condition. This satisfied the requirements of both the contracting parties (Oxford Business Group 2018). Technical Issues: technical issues refer to the issues which are related to the stations of the organization. Around 900 work stations of the company were affected as the employees of the company were unable to understand and handle the technical issues which the company faced. The company publically accepted the fact that they are facing technical glitches with their site system due to which their business activity is getting disturbed (Ismail, et. al., 2013). Due to this reason the motorists and the other customers of the company were unable to fill their tanks resulting to which dissatisfaction was increased under them. The management team of the company Shell adequately managed the issues by issuing the statements in media stating that they are extremely sorry for the inconvenience caused to the people as they were unable to fill their tanks from the products of the company. This issue was caused due to technical issues in their website which has centralized monitoring system (Albert, and Tanee 2017). Further the company also stated it on their website that the old petrol pumps are still providing fuel to people through cash as they are not linked to the centralized system of the company. Further the technical issues were overcome with the help of engineers of the company till then, the public relations team adequately handled the issue in the external environment and reduced the stress level of customers along with employees as well (Malay mail online 2017). Portrayal of image The company Shell has owned and operated their business for more than 100 years which gives the authority to the company to rule in the market and initiate the activities which are fit for the environment. The services of the company are promoted all over the world with an identified image in the market. Talking about portrayal of the image in the market,, it shall be noted that the company has adequately justified with their work due to which such brand image is maintained in the market. The organization never fails to provide adulterated products in the market or issue wrong statements in the media (Dozier, Grunig, and Grunig, 2013). The company always aims to provide true, meaningful and authenticity knowledge to the prospective customers present in the target market. Further the fact shall be noted that positive image can only be portrayed in the market if the employees of the working according to the objectives of the company. So, as the core value of the company suggests that t hey aim for honesty, integrity and respect for people in the market. The organization works accordingly to implement these activities in the organization (Ebegbulem, Ekpe and Adejumo 2013). The company has maintained high standards in the market according to which all the employees initiate their activities. They do not compromise with the quality of the products and services which they provide; nor do they compromise with the safety and environmental standards present in the industry. Thus, due to these reasons high value of the company is maintained in the market. Further the public relation team of the company adequately supports to their motive as well. The team has helped them to sustain their image in the target market. The PR officers monitor the energy efficiency activities implemented by the organization so as to secure the resources from the future; also they check that the products are according to standard value or not (Shell 2018). Also the organization is always open for the problems of the clients, employees and they do not hesitate in listening to their suggestion as well (Denhardt, and Catlaw 2014). Due to presence of transparency in the working culture of the organization, the company has earned fame in the external market. Thus, it shall be noted that the company apply the general business principles along with Shell code of conduct due to which sustainability in the activities is maintained. As the company regularly issues statements about their upcoming projects which make them more connected to the public and subsequently increases the level of satisfaction as well (Mikesell 2016). Medium of communication Medium of communication refers to the channels through which a company interacts with the people worldwide whom they want to attract. Further it shall be noted that communication is an important aspect which helps an organization to interact with the public on a whole. Further advertisement, public relation, online and offline promotion are some types of communication techniques which an organization uses to initiate communication. The company Shell mainly focuses on the public relation techniques to initiate communication with people (Youyi, et. al., 2013). PR activities From the above analysis it shall be noted that communication is an important part of the business. Further the public relation techniques which the company uses in their business process are discussed below: Press Release: press release activities are initiated by the company on a regular basis. As every time when good or bad news comes up with the organization, the first thing which they do is release such true and authentic statements in the market. Apart from that the main focus which the PR team keeps its focus on the core of their information that it shall not be molded nor hampered. Apart from that, the team also manages the information which is to be released in the organization and information which is not. This secures the activities of the company maintains a fixed image as well. The media always manipulates information in own way. They circulate information what they understand is correct, so with respect to that, the managers release information which is fair and cannot be hampered in any way (IPR 2018). Social Media: as all the public relation activities which are implemented in an organization are for free purposes. This is the one of the differences between advertisement and PR. So, social media has now become one of the most essential ways to make public relation which can support the company. With the help of social media the company manages to initiate public relation techniques in the environment. As use of social media lays more impact on people, so the PR team informally circulates the information about the companys activities which they initiate in the market (Foo 2015). This makes the customers to look more closely on the activities of the company. They demonstrate their corporate achievements through video, audios and images on social media platform. Also the customers can easily communicate with the team of Shell through media due to which the team also continuously receives feedbacks and survey results from the customers (Smith 2013). Press Meeting: Press meeting involves the personal interview and announcements with the media members. With the help of press conference the company gets to interact with various personalities present in the industry and keep them interested in the activities of the company. Looking at the corporate social responsibility of the company, the PR team manages conference of the leaders of Shell with various other people connected to the company worldwide. This process centralizes the activities of the company which are currently running worldwide (Spicer 2013). Also media presence is important while holding the conferences so that the public on large basis can become a part of the interaction. Press meetings also improve the cross cultural transactions as well. As the meetings of the company are held on large scale and all other companies and segments become a part of it. So the industry overall becomes more responsible towards their business activities as well (Black 2013). Participation: participation helps an organization in adequately managing their image in the eyes of all prospective people. Participation refer to the process of involving into community activities like charitable events, clubs etc. This gives the advantage to the company to get famous in the target market. Participation of the company Shell in all such charitable events helps them to adequately manage their corporate social responsibilities as well. And it creates a good image of the company also. So, the PR team keeps a record of the events in which the company has to participate (Coombs, and Holladay 2013). Open house tours: open house tours refer to the process providing access to public to come and investigate the plant facilities of the company. Through this process people get to know about the internal infrastructure and the activities which are initiated in the organization Shell. This helps the company to gain the trust of public. With this process people deeply get to know about the process through which the company initiates their business process. These activities are controlled managed and monitored by the public relations practitioners of the company (Kunczik 2016). In my opinion public relation activity is far better than the advertisement process in an organization. Advertisement now a day is very expensive and many times it does not adequately convey the social message as well. Apart from that the public relation activities in an organization looks at all the possible ways through which they maintain communication and apply them to gain the trust of people on a whole. Also being present in oil and gas industry, it is considered very important for the company Shell to gain the trust of customers in the market (Grunig 2013). With respect to that the PR activities adequately support the motive of the organization. PR team of the company also focuses on all major ways with the help of which they can create a brand image of the company in the market. This process is successfully implemented in the Shell Company as well (Davison 2017). Conclusion and Recommendation Thus in the limelight of above mentioned events the fact that shall be noted is that maintaining public relation is one of the most important part of the business process. Management of public relations helps an organization maintain a bond with the employees and stakeholder of the company as well. With the help of public only the organization gains acceptance in target market so it is important for them to maintain adequate relationship. Like in the given case of Shell Petrol Company which is placed in Malaysia as well; the company being present in one of the most threat prone industry safely initiates their business activities. The company maintains a good relationship with the public which promotes them in the market. The PR team of the company supports the environment as well through their activities. Further the organization shall initiate few practices in their process so as to gain more recognition in the market. The recommendations to the company are listed below: In order to effective manage the activities of public relation the officers of Shell Petroleum shall government-ize the message. The company shall announce the news of their upcoming plan with the help of government. This will initiate the customer to pay more focus on the company seriously. Technology is another way with the help of which the company shall initiate good public relations. Apart from that, the practitioners shall ensure that adequate communication is initiated between the public and the company. This will help the people to fully address their needs and issues. Lastly, creativity is another aspect with the help of which the PR team can gain appreciation for the company in the target. Implementation of every activity creatively will improve the satisfaction level of the customer as well. References Adoga, I. and Valverde, R., 2014. An RFID based supply chain inventory management solution for the petroleum development industry: A case study for SHELL Nigeria.Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology,62(1), pp.199-203. Albert, E. and Tanee, F.B.G., 2017. A laboratory trial of bioaugmentation for the removal of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in a Niger Delta soil using Oscillatoria bornettia.Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research,1(3), pp.147-159. Andrews, O.T., 2015. The Nigerian State, oil multinationals and the environment: A case study of Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC).Journal of Public Administration and Policy Research,7(2), p.24. Black, S., 2013.Practice of public relations. Routledge. Chong, C., Ni, W., Ma, L., Liu, P. and Li, Z., 2015. The use of energy in Malaysia: Tracing energy flows from primary source to end use.Energies,8(4), pp.2828-2866. Coombs, W.T. and Holladay, S.J., 2013.It's not just PR: Public relations in society. John Wiley Sons. Davison, A., 2017. Listening to Prestige British Industrial Films.The Routledge Companion to Screen Music and Sound, p.213. Denhardt, R.B. and Catlaw, T.J., 2014.Theories of public organization. Cengage learning. Dozier, D.M., Grunig, L.A. and Grunig, J.E., 2013.Manager's guide to excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Ebegbulem, J.C., Ekpe, D. and Adejumo, T.O., 2013. Oil exploration and poverty in the Niger delta region of Nigeria: A critical analysis.International Journal of Business and Social Science,4(3), pp.279-287. Fischer, A.G. ed., 2017.Petroleum and global tectonics. Princeton University Press. Foo, K.Y., 2015. A vision on the opportunities, policies and coping strategies for the energy security and green energy development in Malaysia.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,51, pp.1477-1498. Grunig, J.E. ed., 2013.Excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. IPR., 2018. PR Tools and Techniques. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.ipr.org.uk/pr-tools-and-techniques.html Ismail, Z., Tai, J.C., Kong, K.K., Law, K.H., Shirazi, S.M. and Karim, R., 2013. Using data envelopment analysis in comparing the environmental performance and technical efficiency of selected companies in their global petroleum operations.Measurement,46(9), pp.3401-3413. Ite, A.E., Ibok, U.J., Ite, M.U. and Petters, S.W., 2013. Petroleum exploration and production: past and present environmental issues in the Nigerias Niger Delta.American Journal of Environmental Protection,1(4), pp.78-90. Kunczik, M., 2016.Images of nations and international public relations. Routledge. Malay mail online., 2017. Shell facing technical problems, 900 stations affected. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/shell-confirms-technical-glitch-at-petrol-stations-nationwide#KQA3FK294hUsQ0cK.97 Mas' ud, A., Manaf, N.A.A. and Saad, N., 2014. Comparison of Petroleum Fiscal Regimes within Malaysia.Petroleum Accounting and Financial Management Journal,33(2), p.49. Mikesell, R.F., 2016.Petroleum company operations and agreements in developing countries. Routledge. Oil Gas Journal., 2017. Shell finalizes sale of Malaysian refinery. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume-115/issue-1a/general-interest/shell-finalizes-sale-of-malaysian-refinery.html Oxford Business Group., 2018. Malaysia's energy sector sees investment amid challenges. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://oxfordbusinessgroup.com/overview/flux-sector-faces-challenges-short-term-investment-and-consolidation-are-progress Santiago, A., 2017. 12 Living the Shell core values.Leadership and Change Management: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, p.96. Shell., 2018. Our Values, Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.shell.com.my/about-us/our-values.html Shell., 2018. Overcoming technology challenges. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.shell.com.my/energy-and-innovation/overcoming-technology-challenges.html Shell., 2018. Shell and our strategy. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.shell.com/investors/shell-and-our-strategy.html Shell., 2018. The Shell Brand. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.shell.com.my/about-us/the-shell-brand.html Shell., 2018. Working with communities. Viewed on January 16, 2018 from https://www.shell.com/sustainability/communities/working-with-communities.html Smith, R.D., 2013.Strategic planning for public relations. Routledge. Spicer, C., 2013.Organizational public relations: A political perspective. Routledge. van Vliet, J.P.M. and Male, P.T., 2017, June. Well, Reservoir and Facility ManagementProcess, Practice and Impact. InSPE Europec featured at 79th EAGE Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers. Youyi, Z., Qingfeng, H., Guoqing, J., Desheng, M.A. and Zhe, W.A.N.G., 2013. Current development and application of chemical combination flooding technique.Petroleum Exploration and Development,40(1), pp.96-103.

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An Essay essays

An Essay essays The revisions to Roethkes poem Cuttings change the poem into one about the rebirth and growth of a plant, rather than the survival of one. These changes include a change in the way the growth of the plant stems is being described, a change in language, and the unbalancing of the two stanzas. The focus on the action in the first draft is essentially on survival. In the rewrite, the tone changes to a more positive tone. The same action is being detailed, but from a slightly different perspective. The general language of the poem also changes from the original draft. Lastly, the unbalancing of the two stanzas by making the second one longer also changes the action of the poem. These revisions shift the heart of the poem from survival to growth and life. The description of the growth of the plant changes from initially being about survival to focusing on rebirth and growth. The first poem contains phrases such as coaxing up water and stem-fur dries, painting a grim picture for the growth of the plant, almost as if it is difficult for it to survive. The plant is essentially drying out, causing it to die. This is also evident towards the end of the poem when the musty sheath is mentioned, giving us a sense that the plant is not in the best condition to begin with as well. In the second draft, the line regarding waters seeping upward describes the water as almost willingly helping the plant to survive. This differs from the coaxing necessary in the first poem, as that sounds as if the plant is essentially pleading with the water to allow the plant to live. The personification of the plant and water is present in both poems, but the implied motivations of the plant and water are different in the two drafts. Another major are that helps to shift the theme of the poem is the general language that is used. The language throughout the poem also un...

Expanding into Mexico Benefits, Risks and Impediments

Expanding into Mexico Benefits, Risks and Impediments Introduction Globalization and improvement in communication have opened up the international market. Most of the companies venturing into these markets seek to increase their sales volume, diversify their operations, increase the profit margin, avoid excessive competition in the domestic market and also increase their market share.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Expanding into Mexico: Benefits, Risks and Impediments specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Though the benefits of expanding globally are enormous, there are many risks and impediments that may hamper the expansion process. These risks include price fluctuations, exchange rate volatility, political influences, legal and regulatory rules. The company management must therefore carefully evaluate the target market so as to project the expected profits and understand the challenges in order to develop effective entry strategies. Prior knowledge needed prior to expanding into Mexico Before the company can expand to Mexico, it is necessary for the company to evaluate various factors that are imperative for the overall success of the expansion strategy. First, the target market is very important as it forms the consumer base for the company. Currently, Mexico has about 110 million people. It is the 13th largest economy in the world and the 11th most populous country in the world. The country trades with the USA as the most important import and export partner. The nation has an elaborate transport and communication network which is ideal for doing business. Most of the residents are in the upper middle class level. The country is an emerging power and has become one of the industrialized nations. The country supports several trade agreements such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) according to which it trades with the USA. Profitability The company hopes that the business will be profitable due to the large population in the c ountry. Since the country is expanding to a market where the competition is not very high, it expects to capture a large portion of the market and hence the business will be profitable. In addition to the large target market, the country labor force is enormous as compared to the USA.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The labor rates are lower in Mexico and hence the company will reduce its operations costs, and this will increase the profit margins. The company expects that Mexico has lower taxes and lower rental rates which increase the profit margins. Potential risks Despite the increase in profits that are expected, the company has several risks that may affect the running of the business. The crime rate is very high causing a lot of uncertainties and instabilities. In Mexico, the market is controlled by cartels which are hard to break up. These cartels pose significant threat to the company as the cartel can cause physical damage to the new company structure and workers. Competition: The other potential risks come from the competitors. These are the local companies that exist around Mexico and they deal with the same commodities as this company. Changes in laws and regulations: changes in the legal system can pose a significant challenge to the company. Laws limiting international investors and promoting domestic companies could affect the company’s operations internationally. International companies may be required to pay extra tax which increases the final product costs in relations to the domestic market prices. Political instability: political instability in the Mexico could result in reductions of the company’s profits. Exchange rate changes: Exchange rates fluctuations affect international prices. If the country’s monetary policy is not effective, inflation would affect the prices of production factors and r aw materials and this would affect the company’s profitability Changes in trade agreement: Changes in trade agreement between USA and Mexico can also affect the profits and operations of the company in this area.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Expanding into Mexico: Benefits, Risks and Impediments specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Common and Civil law systems in Mexico The Mexican legal system originates from the Greek, Roman, and French legal systems. The law is similar to other common laws around the world. The current Constitution that governs Mexico is based on the Constitution of 1917. The country has a well organized and evolved legal system in contrast to the perception that most foreign people have that the country’s legal system is not adequate. The Mexican laws are similar to the most of the laws in the world as opposed to the US legal system. The US common law is derived from the case l aws, statutory laws of England and American civilizations while that of Mexico is derived from the Roman laws that were later refined by the French. In the US, case laws are commonly used to solve judicial cases while in Mexico, case laws are rarely used. The Mexican laws require that international companies running businesses in Mexico are affected by the Mexican law either directly or indirectly even if the business is not located there. The country’s administrative laws are formulated by agencies. They include labor, financial, banking, and taxations laws. These rules are gradually overriding the traditional Mexican laws. Dispute resolution One of the main recognized dispute resolution methods is through arbitration. The law applies to all national and international parties to a dispute unless there are international treaties and laws forbidding the use of arbitration. The Mexico commercial arbitration statute was passed in 1993, and it is used in dispute resolutions. The arbitration law requires that both parties agree to arbitrate. The failure in arbitrations results in the court litigation where the contract laws apply (Mueller 2). Contract law The fundamental rules that govern Mexico are found in the civil codes of many states in Mexico. These laws stipulate the basic rules of contractual engagements and rules regarding patenting, trademarks, and the negotiable credit instruments. The contract law identifies 20 types of contracts such as associations, bond, chattel mortgages, agency, lease, purchase and sale, deposits, and commodatums among others. Employee labor violations The Mexican labor laws are drawn from the Constitution. They indicate the minimum wage that employees can earn. The laws also state that those paying on an hourly rate must not go below the minimum wage that is allowed. The method of payment is the subject of employees’ consent. Companies must follow these minimum requirements to avoid violations.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Labor contract: the Mexican laws provide the minimum contract period for both executive and non-executive employees. Non-executive employee must be trained for three month while the executive employee must be trained for six months. Outsourcing: the Mexican laws prohibit certain forms of outsourcing. Any outsourcing works must be of a specialized nature and not similar to the work that employee within the company can do. These laws mean that workers will have to get extra benefits due to any additional work. Most companies do not subcontract ordinary works. Termination: The Mexican law details the causes for termination of employment such as fraud, insubordination, drug, alcoholism, immoral conduct among others. The company venturing abroad must understand these laws. Human rights violation The Mexican laws ban all forms of racial, ethnic, national origin, age, disability, health, religion, sex and marital status discriminations. The company must ensure that this does not occur. In Mexico, the human rights abuse is on the rise. Despite the current laws governing the human rights, there are still much human rights abuse in the country (Amnesty International 4). There are large criminal organizations that control the drug and human trafficking trade which the government has not been able to deal with. Criminal gangs always target human rights activist and journalists who expose their cartels. This makes most residents live in fear due to crimes, lawlessness, torture, murder and other atrocities. Impunity in this country is high; crimes are committed by security and military personnel when fighting the drug cartels. Victims are tortured in remand with some common methods as electrocuting, beatings, chocking someone with a plastic bag, threats, and spraying someone with water (Human Rights Watch 3). Child labor law violations In Mexico, child labor laws are high violated. Currently, one out of five children works. A total of 4 million kids under the age of 17 year s work. The country is currently working towards eliminating child labor, and it has already ratified the UN convections on rights of the child of 1989. Perceptions of organization’s that engage in human rights violations and child labor laws Though many see human rights abuse and child rights abuse as being against the law, the government has no machinery and power to control these acts. When establishing the company, it is imperative that human rights are taken into accounts and the company should not engage children in work. European Union The European Union (EU) was formed in 1992, and it is one of the most influential international organizations of the world. The EU was previously known as the European Economic Community. The EU has is based on several policies formed by parliaments, commissions, and ministries. Today, the trade relations between the EU and Mexico are regulated with the help of a free trade agreement which was signed in 2000, providing the country with t he additional possibilities in relation to the development of trade relations with foreign countries. The agreement is based on general democratic principles to protect the interests of both parties. The partnership between the EU and Mexico contributes to the economic growth of the country significantly, with references to the stimulation of the investment flows between Mexico and the international organization. It is possible to speak about the EU as a large export market for Mexico, and this fact contributes to the discussion of the trends in Mexico’s foreign trade. Mexico is rich in minerals which are exported to the EU actively. Moreover, Mexico exports transport and electric equipment to the countries of the EU. It is important to note that the country also imports more innovative variants of the transport and electric equipment from the EU (Derham). Advantages Mexico supports the active trade and political relationships with the EU because a lot of advantages provided for the country. The first advantage is that the EU is a single market which enables companies to trade at an international level using one currency. The second advantage is the monetary union. The EU countries trade with one currency and this makes it easy for a company to trade without the impact of exchange rate changes. The prices of different commodities remain constant. The EU also promises environmental protections and war prevention to the member states, and hence, there is political stability which is suitable for good business (Derham 7). Lastly, the removal of the trade barriers allows companies to expand to other regions within the EU. From this point, Mexico received a lot of opportunities to develop industries and markets depending on the improvement of the effective trade and political relations with the EU. Thus, the main purposes of the EU-Mexico cooperation are to guarantee the free and open trade markets for the parties, to avoid the competition while focusing on the productive cooperation, and to establish the norms of the successful cooperation according to the democratic principles and legal standards. These relations are important for Mexico as well as for the EU because they allow concentrating on the investment flows, liberalization of the markets, open and effective relations between governments. Participating in the agreement, Mexico receives more opportunities to develop trade relations with the European countries according to the globally adopted rules. Thus, the agreement guarantees the countries’ following democratic principles and protecting human rights. Furthermore, minerals and transport equipments are exported and imported by the EU and Mexico to contribute to the further development of the fields. Today, it is possible to speak about definite Mexico’s privileges within the global market which are associated with the active relations between the EU and the country because Mexico is one of the largest partners o f the EU in Latin America (Denti; Derham). Disadvantages Focusing on the certain disadvantages of the EU as an organization, it is important to pay attention to The main disadvantage of the EU is the loss of national sovereignty of the members of the EU. When nations join the EU, they have to obey the rules and regulations set by this economic block which is rather irrespective of the repercussions. Another disadvantage is the fact that small nations have the limited influence on the economic policies set by the EU (Denti 5). However, these points are urgent for the countries which are the members of the EU. The cooperation with the EU is advantageous in its character for all the countries-partners of the organization. Mexico has the closest trade and political relations with the USA, but the focus on the trade and economic relations with the EU provides the country with the opportunity to expand the spheres of the economic impact and diversify trade relations. As a result, Mexico c an compete successfully within the global market while developing the cooperative relations with the EU (Denti). That is why, the agreement between Mexico and the EU adopted in 2000 opened a lot of possibilities for the economic integration and stimulation of the investment flows. Conclusion In conclusion, Mexico is a good country for the company to invest in. There are huge profits expected from the business. Though the legal system is not well established, there are laws in place to protect foreign investors. The main problem with their legal system is the implementation of the laws. The company should go ahead and invest in this country though appropriate risk management strategies must be formulated. Amnesty International. Mexico Laws without Justice: Human Rights Violations and  Impunity in the Public Security and Criminal Justice System. 2007. PDF file. Web. Denti, David. The Influence of Small States in the European Union. Iceland: University of Iceland, 2007. Print Derham , Mark. European Union: Risk-Benefit Analysis. 2010. Web. Human Rights Watch. World Report 2012: Mexico. 2013. PDF file. Web. Mueller, Christa. Arbitration in Mexico. n.d. Web.

Measurement of Blood Pressure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Measurement of Blood Pressure - Essay Example the systolic blood pressure or the blood pressure when the heart is contracting and it also reads the diastolic blood pressure or the blood pressure when the heart is relaxing. The systolic blood pressure is therefore also the highest pressure exerted by the blood and the diastolic blood pressure is the lowest pressure exerted by the blood. Before the blood pressure of the patient is taken, the nurse must first gather as much information from the patient as possible. Relevant information includes the patient’s age, gender, weight, and such other pertinent information like the patient history of cardiovascular diseases; hypertensive medications, and if at the time his blood pressure is about to be taken if he is tired or has been physically fatigued. These elements often affect blood pressure reading, indicating it to either be too high or too low. Moreover, normal blood pressure ranges are different for every patient depending on age or current history of heart diseases and hypertension. After establishing the information as mentioned above, the nurse must now prepare her equipment. This would include the aneroid or the mercury sphygmomanometer, the stethoscope, a chair where the patient can sit, and a table where the sphygmomanometer can be placed. The table and chair must be placed in close proximity to each other to ensure that the patient can lay his hand on the table near the sphygmomanometer. The sphygmomanometer has a cuff which is wrapped around the patient’s upper arm; it inflates with air from the air valve. The sphygmomanometer also has a rubber tube connecting the cuff to the air reservoir or to the mercury meter. Such tube is also connected to a rubber bulb which is pumped in order to fill the cuff with air. Before taking the patient’s blood pressure, the nurse must remind the patient to keep still and to be quiet.  

Proposition 13 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Proposition 13 - Essay Example Proposition 13 was the result of a taxpayer revolt against escalating and uncertain tax rates. Viewed as one of the first signs of the coming Reagan Revolution, the radical conservative approach rippled across the country as key provisions of the act were enacted in several other states (Menrow). The most immediate and severe impact of Prop 13 was felt by the school districts that lost over half their revenue creating a crisis in many of California's public schools. In response, California passed a number of bills that eased the pressure on school systems. Overall, tax revenues going to schools decreased between 9% and 15%, with the wealthier districts losing the higher amount ("The Special Challenge"). Prop 13 resulted in the school systems in California moving from local community control to control by the state. It further gave property owners the ability to calculate and plan for their tax rate, enabling low income and fixed income households to maintain possession of their prope rty and avoiding losing their homes due to unaffordable taxes. The focus of Prop 13 was to give the taxpayer a known and predictable property tax rate. It set a maximum tax rate at 1% and limited valuation increases to 2% per year. Upon selling a property, it would then be revalued at the market value. The 1% limit imposed by Prop 13 was about 1/3 of the rate prior to its passage. Prop 13 further limited local taxation by requiring a 2/3 majority in the legislature and 2/3 public vote to increases local taxes. These actions put the responsibility for funding the public school system on the state and in doing so, the state took control of the schools and away from local communities. Recent amendments have lowered the threshold for voter approval to 55%, which has allowed local governments to raise additional funding when necessary. Impact of Proposition 13 The impact of the loss of revenue was most clearly felt by local school districts. Schools, faced with fewer dollars, were forced to delay improvements and in some cases resulted in the cutting of programs. However, the long-term result has not led to the bankruptcy of California's schools. Bolstered by "bailout bills" that benefited education, the schools continued to operate under state control at or near the previous level of funding. In 2001-2002 California teachers were ranked at the top of the pay scale compared to other states (Bell). Faced with the loss of revenue, many cities increased fees on everything from traffic violations, to home inspections, and service taxes on hotels and restaurants (Wood). Along with innovative taxation, changes in Prop 13 over the years have made it easier for local communities to raise money for schools by reducing the 2/3 voter approval to 55%. Critics have pointed to the lower test scores in California schools since the inception of Prop 13 an d linked them to the reduced funding. Per pupil spending has been reduced and is currently about $650 below the national per pupil average. The falling test scores are due to several reasons and lower funding may be just one facet of the problem. Immigration, state educational policies, and an activist teachers union may have more impact on test scores than reduced funding. Relations between the state and local governments have been strained as local government officials, in need of funding, have become

Introduction to Bim Essay Example for Free

Introduction to Bim Essay What Is Bim? Building Information Modeling (BIM): A Gateway for the Future Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a process of creating and managing building data during its development. Is a three-dimensional, real-time, dynamic building modeling computer program in which you can increase productivity throughout building design and construction. This process produces the BIM, which then inter-connects the building geometry, spatial relationships, geographic information, quantities and properties with all the related building components. What Is Bim? BIM Basics BIM makes a reliable digital representation of the building available for design decision making, high-quality construction document production, construction planning, performance predictions, and cost estimates. Having the ability to keep information up-to-date and accessible in an integrated digital environment, gives architects, engineers, builders, and owners a clear overall vision of all their projects, as well as the ability to make informed decisions faster. The building information modeling process covers geometry, space, light, geographic information, quantities and properties of building components. BIM can be used to demonstrate the entire building life cycle, including the processes of construction and facility operation. What Is Bim? Benefits of BIM BIM can be seen as a companion to product life-cycle management as in the product development domain, since it goes beyond geometry and addresses issues such as cost management, project management and provides a way to work concurrently on most aspects of building life cycle process. It requires changes to the definition of traditional architectural phases and more data sharing than most architects and engineers are used to. The representations modeled in the BIM process are integrated to the actual parts and pieces being used to build. This is a substantial shift from the traditional computer aided drafting method of drawing with vector file-based lines that combine to represent objects. This BIM Modeling Video, will provide you with a better understanding of the purpose and uses of the modeling system. It is anticipated by proponents that BIM can be utilized to bridge the information loss associated with handing a project from the design team, to the construction team and to building owner/operator, by  allowing each group to add and reference back to all information they acquire during their period of contribution to the BIM model.

Changes In The NHL :: essays research papers

Changes In The NHL   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the past there were more goals, less penalties, and never any talk about an Olympic size rink, all that has changed in the last few years. The NHL has changed since the introduction of, the new crease rule, the enforcement of obstruction, and the request for an Olympic size rink.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The new crease rule is the most controversial rule change that the NHL has ever introduced. There has been less goals since the players have not been allowed to have even a toe in the goal crease when a player scores a goal. The old rule was that players were allowed to be in the crease as long as they don’t interfere with the goalie. The NHL has since made the crease smaller so that there is less chance of a player being in the crease, but that hasn’t changed the fact that players are still in the crease when a player scores a goal. On average there has been at least two goals a night called back since the new crease rule.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The obstruction rule has been one of the best rule changes ever in the NHL. Players are not allowed to interfere with other players if they are going into the play were the puck is. This new rule has cleaned up the game of hockey tremendously. Some of the obstruction calls are, obstruction hooking, obstruction holding, obstruction tripping, so on, and so forth. When the obstruction rule first came into effect there was way more penalties, now the penalties are becoming less.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The request for an Olympic size rink still has not been approved by the NHL. The NHL has talked about upgrading their regular size rink to an Olympic size one. If the NHL comes to an agreement to go to the Olympic size rink, the game would be a lot faster, a lot more open, and there would be many more great set up plays.

Deontology and the Categorical Imperative

First, let us examine what it means to act in a deontological manner. Demonology is â€Å"the normative ethical position that Judges the morality of an action based on the action's adherence to a rule or rules† (â€Å"Ethics-virtue†, Standard Encyclopedia of Philosophy). For someone to act in a deontological manner, he must follow a course of action not because it causes the greatest amount of good to either themselves or others, but because it is the â€Å"right† thing to do. A deontological believes that it is their â€Å"duty† to follow these moral imperatives, and it is these values which are the basis which Emmanuel Kant bases his Categorical Imperative on.In Kantian, a theory of demonology developed by Emmanuel Kant based on his Categorical Imperative, we should make decisions based on our duty to others and that it is not the action's consequences which make it right or wrong, but the motives of the individual who is carrying them out (Kant, Emmanue l. 1780. â€Å"Preface†). For example, if I say, I do not murder other human beings because I would not wish others to murder, I am behaving deontological because as a society we would not wish murder to become a universal rule.Similarly, I would not wish someone to secretly defraud Investors and embezzle company money, but more on that soon. If a person is to act in this decidedly UN;deontological manner, they might have justified it in one of two likely other manners. The first non-deontological theory we someone could operate with is utilitarianism. In this moral theory, â€Å"the proper course of action is the one that maximizes utility, specifically defined as maximizing happiness and reducing suffering† (Utilitarianism. N. D. ) In Wisped. Retrieved January 20, 2013, from http:// ordering others, we still do not wish this to occur but this time it is because the act of murder does not maximize happiness as a society. The loss of an individual in this manner would detract from the whole be it either from a production stand-point, or because of the emotion detriment it brings others. Misuse of a corporation's funds could be Justified in a certain scenario, so we will add this to our toolbox of motives for now.A second non-deontological moral theory we must examine is the idea of egotism. With egotism, a person's primary drive is to enhance their own interests – be they intellectual, physical, societal, or otherwise – over the interests of others (Egotism. (n. D. ) In Wisped). Within the context of our example about murder, an egotist does not wish for murder to exist simply because he or she would not wish to be murdered. Within the scope of business operations, this ideology would seem to form the basis of most practices.While the advancement of a corporation would be paramount in the eyes of those with the most vested interest, this moral guideline can be disastrous in a society that does not share this belief as the rule of th e land. Let us now look at two of the ethical problems raised by the Delphic Communications case. The first problem we will examine is the fact that Delphic was using two different sets of accounting books, one with doctored numbers that was given to investors, and one which showed the true finances and what was being manipulated for the fraudulent figures.This, according to testimony produced by James R. Brown, Dahlia's former vice president of finance (Grant, 2004, p. CLC). Members of the Riggs family were ultimately indicted for looting the company of more the $100 million and aiding $2 billion in debt. Regardless of an argument of either this being a cover-up in order to hide the Riggs family's personal use of company funds, or merely a tactic to delay investor outrage in order to settle outstanding debts incurred by Delphic operations, this cannot be considered a deontological based maneuver.Adherence to ones duty to the company and its core operations is contrary to these kind s of behavior. Also, under no circumstance would lying biblically about a company's well- being in a capitalistic society be considered as being desirable as a normative rule. At best, if this were done as to buy the company time to right its finances, this action could be eschewed as utilitarian if the underlying goal was to prevent panic on Wall SST. And to maximize society's net worth.Likelier, this was an egotistic based motive in order for the Riggs family to continue their practices of using the company as their personal â€Å"piggy-bank† as it were. There is evidence of this being the case based upon the next ethical issue we will address. During the course of investigations carried out in the course of this case, it was covered that members of the Riggs family had also used corporate money to finance a golf-course on private family property of theirs (The SEC, 2002).Much like the previously mentioned ethical problem, it is difficult to determine in what, if any, way t his action could be eschewed as either a deontological or categorically imperative decision. If it were the norm for members of any company with access to corporate funding to use them on private projects without prior approval, there would be few corporations which would be able to operate in much of any capacity. Dominant having misappropriated funds that were allocated for actual business operations.Even when viewed in light of a utilitarian stand-point, the Jobs which would have been created through the construction and operation of said golf-course would not have warranted an unauthorized expenditure of this magnitude outside of the company's normal business operations. The member of the Riggs family who authorized the use of these funds should have instead chosen to use his own capital in order to finance this endeavor if it was truly that necessary. Utilizing Dahlia's none in order to build this project falls categorically within the scope of an egotist method of reasoning.Th ese couple examples were but a few highlights that were uncovered during the course of the Delphic indictment. Members of the Riggs family might not have seen an end to their empire had they taken a step back and evaluated not only the consequences of their actions, but the rationale behind what they were doing. Demonology and categorical imperatives, like most morale methodologies, are difficult to apply in every scenario. Doing what is right for the sake of its rightness, or because t is your duty to perform in a specific way can fail in an instance of grave social importance.As instanced in the threaded discussion this week, if a programmer of nuclear missile technologies learns of an attack by his employer against another nation does his or her duty lie with the attacker or those who would be attacked? Of the moral decision making tools discussed in this paper, Egotism, Utilitarianism, Demonology, and Categorical Imperatives all provide a different answer to the question in hand . The members of the Riggs family might still feel they are in the eight if their ill gains were greater than the pain of imprisonment from a strictly Egotistic model.

Four Basic Ways a Divisionally Structured Firm Could

There are four basic ways a divisionally structured firm could be organized. What are these four ways? Give an example of each. The four basic ways a divisionally structured firm could be organized are 1) by geographic area. An example of this would be any organization with similar branch facilities located in widely dispersed areas; 2) by product or service. Huffy is an example of divisional structure by product; 3) by customer. Book publishing companies often organize their activities around customer groups as college, secondary schools and private commercial schools; and 4) by process.An example of this is a manufacturing business organized into six divisions: electrical work, glass cutting, welding, grinding, painting and foundry work. Each division would be responsible for generating revenues and profits. Compare and contrast restructuring and reengineering. Restructuring involves reducing the size of the firm in terms of number of employees, number of divisions or units and num ber of hierarchical levels in the firm’s organizational structure. Restructuring is concerned primarily with shareholder well-being rather than employee well-being.In contrast, reengineering is concerned more with employee and customer well-being than shareholder well-being. Reengineering involves reconfiguring or redesigning work, jobs and processes for the purpose of improving cost, quality, service and speed. Whereas restructuring is concerned with eliminating or establishing, shrinking or enlarging, and moving organizational departments and divisions, the focus of reengineering is changing the way work is actually carried out. Reengineering is characterized by many tactical decisions, whereas restructuring is characterized by strategic decisions.

Using Percents - Calculating Commissions

Using Percents - Calculating Commissions A percent is a value divided by 100. For example, 80% and 45% are equal to 80/100 and 45/100, respectively. Just as a percent is a portion of 100, an actual quantity is part of an unknown whole. This article focuses on using percent and proportions to solve for that unknown whole. Finding the Whole in Real Life: Commissions Real estate agents, car dealers, and pharmaceutical sales representatives earn commissions. A commission is a percentage, or part, of sales. For example, a real estate agent earns a portion of the selling price of a house that she helps a client purchase or sell. A car dealer earns a portion of the selling price of an automobile that she sells. Example: Real Estate AgentNoà « aims to earn at least $150,000 as realtor this year. He earns a 3% commission. Whats the total dollar amount of houses that he must sell to reach his goal?What do you know?Noà « will earn 3 dollars per 100;Noà « will earn 150,000 dollars per ? 3/100 150,000/xCross multiply. Hint: Write these fractions vertically to get the full understanding of cross multiplying. To cross multiply, take the first fractions numerator and multiply it by the second fractions denominator. Then take the second fractions numerator and multiply it by the first fractions denominator.3 * x 150,000 * 1003x 15,000,000Divide both sides of the equation by 3 to solve for x.3x/3 15,000,000/3x $5,000,000Verify the answer.Does 3/100 150,000/5,000,0003/100 .03150,000/5,000,000 .03 Exercises 1. Ericka, a real estate agent, specializes in leasing apartments. Her commission is 150% of her clients monthly rent. Last week, she earned $850 in commission for an apartment that she helped her client to lease. How much is the monthly rent? 2. Ericka wants $2,500 for each leasing transaction. For each transaction, she earns 150% of her clients monthly rent. How much must her clients rent be for her to earn $2,500? 3. Pierre, an art dealer, earns 25% commission of the dollar value of the art pieces that he sells at the Bizzell Gallery. Pierre earns $10,800 this month. What is the total dollar value of the art that he sells? 4. Alexandria, a car dealer, earns 40% commission of her luxury vehicles sales. Last year, her salary was $480,000. What was the total dollar amount of her sales last year? 5. Henry is an agent for movie stars. He earns 10% of his clients’ salaries. If he made $72,000 last year, how much did he clients make in all? 6. Alejandro, a pharmaceutical sales representative, sells statins for a drugmaker. He earns a 12% commission of the total sales of the statins that he sells to hospitals. If he earned $60,000 in commissions, what was the total dollar value of the drugs that he sold?

Mandarin Chinese Christmas Vocabulary

Mandarin Chinese Christmas Vocabulary Christmas  is not an official holiday in China, so most offices, schools, and shops remain open. Nonetheless, many  people still get into the holiday spirit during the Yuletide, and all the trappings of Christmas can be found in China,  Hong  Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.   Additionally, many people in recent years have begun celebrating Christmas in China. You can see Christmas decorations in department stores, and the custom of exchanging gifts is becoming more popular- especially with the younger generation. Many also decorate their homes with Christmas trees and ornaments. So, learning Mandarine Chinese Christmas vocabulary can be helpful if you plan to visit the region. Two Ways to Say Christmas There are two ways to say â€Å"Christmas† in Mandarin Chinese. The links provide a transliteration of the word or phrase (called  pinyin), followed the word or phrase written in  traditional Chinese  characters, followed by the same word or phrase printed in simplified Chinese characters. Click on the links to bring up an audio file and hear how to pronounce the words. The two ways to say Christmas in Mandarin Chinese are  shà ¨ng dn jià © (è â€"è ªâ€¢Ã§ ¯â‚¬ traditional Ã¥Å" £Ã¨ ¯Å¾Ã¨Å â€š simplified) or  yÄ“ dn jià © (è€ ¶Ã¨ ªâ€¢Ã§ ¯â‚¬ trad è€ ¶Ã¨ ¯Å¾Ã¨Å â€š simplified). In each of the phrases, the final two characters (dn jià ©) are the same. Dn refers to birth, and jià © means â€Å"holiday.† The first character of Christmas can be either shà ¨ng or yÄ“. Shà ¨ng translates as â€Å"saint† and yÄ“ is a phonetic, which is used for Jesus yÄ“ sÃ… « (è€ ¶Ã§ ©Å' traditional è€ ¶Ã§ ¨ £ simplified). Shà ¨ng dn jià © means â€Å"the birth of a saint holiday† and yÄ“ dn jià © means â€Å"the birth of Jesus holiday.† Shà ¨ng dn jià © is the more popular of the two phrases. Whenever you see shà ¨ng dn, though, remember that you can also use yÄ“ dn instead. Mandarin Chinese Christmas Vocabulary There are many other Christmas-related words and phrases in Mandarin Chinese, from Merry Christmas to poinsettia and even gingerbread house. In the table, the English word is given first, followed by the pinyan (transliteration), and then the traditional and simplified spellings in Chinese. Click the pinyan  listings to hear how each word or phrase is pronounced. English Pinyin Traditional Simplified Christmas shng dn ji Christmas y dn ji Christmas eve shng dn y Christmas eve ping n y Merry Christmas shng dn kui l Christmas tree shng dn sh Candy Cane gui zhng tng Christmas presents shng dn l w Stocking shng dn w Poinsettia shng dn hng Gingerbread house jing bng w Christmas card shng dn k Santa Claus shng dn lo rn Sleigh xu qio Reindeer m l Christmas carol shng dn g Caroling bo ji yn Angel tin sh Snowman xu rn Celebrating Christmas in China and the Region While most Chinese opt to overlook Christmas’s religious roots, a sizable minority do head to church for services in a variety of languages, including Chinese, English, and French. There are  approximately 70 million practicing Christians in China as of December 2017, according to  the Beijinger, a monthly entertainment guide and website based in Chinas capital. The figure represents only 5 percent of the countrys total population of 1.3 billion, but its still large enough to make an impact. Christmas services are held at an array of state-run churches in China and at houses of worship throughout Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. International schools and some embassies and consulates are also closed on Dec. 25 in China. Christmas Day (Dec. 25) and Boxing Day (Dec. 26) are public holidays in Hong Kong, so government offices and businesses are closed. Macau recognizes Christmas as a holiday and most businesses are closed. In Taiwan, Christmas coincides with Constitution Day (è ¡Å'æ† ²Ã§ ´â‚¬Ã¥ ¿ µÃ¦â€" ¥). Taiwan used to observe Dec. 25 as a day off, but currently, as of March 2018, Dec. 25 is a regular working day in Taiwan.

Tannen agree or disagree with in Smiley Article Essay

Tannen agree or disagree with in Smiley Article - Essay Example To link with Smiley’s positive and explorative explanation of women being constructively influenced by the exposure to a Barbie doll in their early childhood years is an even tedious topic. But with assumptions to the question set, Tannen would agree with Smiley’s argument about Barbie having a positive effect toward little girls when they grow up. There has to be certain factors that should be taken into consideration in analyzing the agreements on both articles and their relationship with each other. An item that could be taken into consideration may be the two authors’ background. They seem to come from two different classes of women and since what they write is subtly, and even directly be affected by the way they discuss certain issues. It does seems that Smiley’s background is of her being a mother while Deborah is more of a radical in the field of women’s rights and the such. One part of Deborah Tennen’s personality comes from the part in the article where she talks about being present in conferences wherein she gets to mingle with other professionals that are also women. This makes a big difference with influences that both authors take into their writing ideas. This will also be a major consideration in the analysis of this topic. The relationship between the two authors may come as agreeing in other parts while they can also disagree in some. But, at this paper, to focus on Tennen’s agreement in the arguments Smiley sets is a rather plausible idea to be discussed. As a matter of fact, Tennen’s discussion is actually more of a broader topic where Smiley’s article fits in. the whole Barbie culture is actually just already a subcategory in Tennen’s discussion of the whole idea of marking women with certain benchmarks because of what seems to be. And in reality, Tennen may refuse, but she is actually a writer influenced by the ideals of feminists. The first point of the article which Ms . Tannen would most likely agree with is the fact that women are conditioned from childhood to view themselves in a certain way. Even if their real life female figures look nothing like their Barbie dolls referring to media icons that young women are introduced to such as their favorite fairy tale characters. She bemoans the fact that one of the primary arguments that Smiley roots up as she discusses in her article is the influence that Barbie dolls send to children during their childhood. She states how the Barbie doll culture sends the signals of women to dress as such and such and for them be expected in wearing rhinestones as well when they grow old. Barbie, according to her sends the first impression to little girls as how they should be dressed someday as they embrace the concept of femininity. Her daughter is subliminally taught by Barbies in having make-up on and wearing skimpy clothes. She even personifies Barbie as her daughter’s third mother-influence while she, as their real mother is usually only dressed with casual jeans and shirts. With Deborah Tennen’s article, she describes in detail, the outer appearance of the women she gets to meet during her small 8-manned conference. The seed of body issues and fashion first are now planted and the instruction manual regarding how to achieve the

Writing is an Art Form Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Writing is an Art Form - Essay Example Writers on the other hand, those who create art that challenges the imagination and visual capacity of our brains, continue to languish in the background as little celebrated forms of art. That is a reality that most writers have come to accept even while considering that writing as an art form is almost as old as time itself. The hieroglyphs in the ancient Egyptian tombs were proven to actually be an ancient form of hand writing, the Dead Sea Scrolls and other books that make up the Bible, were written by hand in a language understandable to those of its time. These are artifacts that archeologists and social experts consider to be an ancient form of art with one significant thing in common, these were all done by hand in the most intricate form of writing possible. That type of writing art form is known as Calligraphy and yes, it is considered an art form in our modern times. Those who disagree with calling writing an art form do so on the basis that writing is something that they view more as a skill rather than an art. They argue that writing is something that can be learned in school, taught in creative writing classes, and practiced or improved upon. It is their belief that writing is more of a general purpose concept that provides a utilitarian purpose rather than an artistic one. ( For and Against â€Å"Writing is Really an Art Form†) ... It does not spoon feed the minds of its readers / viewers. It begs the person to go beyond what he can see and instead, analyze what the written word is making him see, hear, and feel. That is the true magic that can only be experienced by someone who is truly an artistic writer. Writing, just like any other art form requires a tremendous amount of training, patience, and education. Just as painters go to art school and photographers go to photography school, writers go to journalism or creative writing school in order to further understand their craft. While painters learn about how the strokes of their brushes and the combination of colors on their canvass creates a picture for the viewers, writers learn that the stroke of a pen and the stringing together of just the right words can transport their readers into another place and time just as a painting would. Photographers observe the world around them and take a visual picture of what they observe to be the good and bad, the beaut iful and the ugly about their surroundings. Writers on the other hand, creatively portray the situation around them, challenging their readers to decide for themselves if the picture as portrayed in words truly does justice to what their mind can see. That is what art is all about. Be it by paint brush, camera lens, or stroke of a pen, or a tap on the keyboard, these people bring their emotions to the front of their work by stirring the same emotions in their viewers and readers. This is a far more difficult task when done in the form of writing as a writer must use a perfect balance of descriptive words to bring his emotions to light. Whereas a painter or photographer merely recreates his emotions using actual materials or things in

Teligions of Southeast Asia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Teligions of Southeast Asia - Essay Example The beings that reside in these inter-penetrable mediums often hold corresponding formations as well as varying mixtures of actions. Temiars envisage a corresponding allotment of potentially independent souls in diverse beings ranging from humans, plants, animals, along with landforms; all possessing the respective segments, such as heart as well as soul for humans. Attached souls would be discharged as free spirit particularly in form of a vision, dream, along with infirmity. The collective entities of either â€Å"upper or lower, as well as bound or unbound† souls ensure association, as well as convey information among humans along with nonhuman mediums as noted by Roseman (6). Temiar precepts also suggest that this connection of resemblance forms the basis for dream as well as trance encounters hence endorsing a song symphony, apart from enhancing infirmity. This is when free medium’s in spirit form; from the bodies of both wilderness, as well as settlements are liab le of involving humans in optimistic exchanges as spiritguides, or wicked ones acting as infirmity agents. Wilderness is not against settlement as in the case of risk when compared to safety, which is often exhibited in Malays; with both realms experiencing compassionate and awkward dimensions. Over the dreams, the free unbound head soul of the halaa’s would be attached to either the free upper or lower spirits of various natural bodies, such as a tree or a tiger, whom would guarantee their aspiration to operate as the â€Å"dreamer’s spiritguide† (Roseman 6). The interaction will then be endorsed via a song performance from the spiritguide to the halaa. Subsequently, by conveying the song through a ritual performance, the halaa might become obsessed with the vision, accent, as well as the ideology of the spiritguide. Reciting the song should automatically connect the character with the spiritguide; hence he or she would be presented as a halaa for the spirits; the character may then detect as well as cure infirmity. According to (Roseman 21), the songs would recommend the beings to follow a certain path. The spiritguide can then point at a respective route in the song; then the halaa, with the aid of the spiritguide, might convey the song, explaining the visions as well as views, as observed by the spiritguide in its excursions. The outlined route would connect diverse entities involving the spiritguide, and halaa among other ritual partakers. The Temiars explanation presumes that the core influence of the route reflection is derived from their persistent journeys and everyday duties such as traveling within the jungle, and the river ways traversing the wilderness alongside the settlements (Roseman 8). The invasive sensate acquaintance with the path is often assigned a figurative outlook within the basic metaphor, whereas tracing the route, and mastering the path across the jungle, entails imperative intellects in Temiar culture (Roseman 2). Conversely, failing to master the path, as well as getting mislaid in the wilderness would be fatal. Besides, infirmity often arise when an individual’s liberated head soul have been waylaid. As reported by Roseman (8), diagnosis as well as remedy entails â€Å"singing a way, of finding the head soul,† alongside driving it back to the settlement. Though, if the chorus line slips ups while reciting halaa’s first phrase, the being might be considered to have missed the route. The song

Knowledge and Plato Essay Example for Free

Knowledge and Plato Essay Plato is one of the most important founding figures in Western philosophy and has had an impact on nearly every philosopher from all time periods. Alongside his mentor Socrates and his student Aristotle, Plato created some of the most significant works in philosophy; ultimately building the framework for western philosophic education. The dialogues of his works are wide ranging, from focuses on life and reality beyond what we see and hear, and subjects as practical rules, laws, education and punishment. Historians believe that Plato was born between 427 and 429 BC in Athens, Greece. Born in to an aristocratic family, Plato was involved in politics from an early age; however, he did not stay on the traditional political path for long. In Plato’s work The Republic, his ideas were to transform and improve political life, as he knew there was no escaping it. As the result of an early failure, Plato came to the conclusion that political action would not stop violence and greed, which is what changed his philosophic approach. It is believed that Plato met his mentor, Socrates, in his youth and his education under Socrates shaped his ideas about the world. Socrates played a role in almost all of Plato’s works and was a robust influence in Plato’s life and ideas. Plato was a believer in the importance of ethics and true self-introspection. In many of his writings, he references the importance of self-reflection; â€Å"First and best victory is to conquer self, to be conquered by self is, of all things, the most shameful and objectionable. †1 Plato was also passionate about music and its importance in education. He stated, â€Å"I would teach children music, physics and philosophy; but most importantly music, for the patterns in music and all the arts are the keys to learning. † 2 Many of Plato’s later works were profoundly influenced by the idea of the soul and the concept of dualism, meaning the separation of the mind and the body. 3 He believed that the real reality is not what we see or what we hear but is something that subsists in a higher realm beyond our day to day life. Many of his ideas on the soul influence a multitude of religions today as he believed that a human’s soul is immortal and that the soul is separate from our physical being. In 387 BC Plato founded what is credited as the first European university, The Academy, in Athens, Greece. The Academy focused on subjects such as astronomy, biology, mathematics, political theory, and philosophy. While at the Academy, Plato wrote many of his most significant works, including The Republic. 4 Plato spent his time at The Academy encouraging students to learn through discussion in order to become freethinkers. Plato even felt that his works and dialogues should be used more as supplementary aids and that no one should rely solely on what they read in a book or dialogue. Plato’s dialogues are used to this day to aid in the teaching of subjects ranging from philosophy to math. Plato’s out of the box thinking will continue to be thought provoking and influential for thousands of years to come. Many of his idealisms are still taking place in teachings and the living of every day life. His diverse subjects and desire for equality will continue to bring positive motivation to those study his works. Bibliography Cooper, John M. , and D. S. Hutchinson. Complete works. Indianapolis, Ind. : Hackett Pub. , 1997. Hunt, Lynn , Thomas Martin, Barbara Rosenwein, and Bonnie Smith. From the Classical to the Hellenistic World. In The Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures. Boston: Bedford/St. Martins, 2010. 114-115. Richard, Kraut. Plato (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/plato/#PlaCenDoc (accessed September 23, 2013).

The New Deal :: essays research papers

In 1933 the new president, Franklin Roosevelt, brought an air of confidence and optimism that quickly rallied the people to the banner of his program, known as the New Deal. "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself," the president declared in his inaugural address to the nation. Perhaps he should have said the only thing we have to fear is complacency. What was truly unique about the New Deal was the speed with which it accomplished what previously had taken generations. However, many of the reforms were created in haste and weakly executed. And during the New Deal, public reproach and contention were never interrupted or suspended. When Roosevelt took the presidential oath, the banking and credit system of the nation was in a state of collapse. With astonishing speed the nation's banks were first closed and then reopened only if they were solvent. The administration adopted a policy of moderate currency inflation to start an upward movement in commodity prices and to afford some relief to debtors. New governmental agencies brought generous credit facilities to industry and agriculture. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insured savings-bank deposits up to $5,000, and severe regulations were imposed upon the sale of securities on the stock exchange. In addition to aggressive legislation to corral the failing bank system FDR vigorously attacked unfair business practices. The National Recovery Administration (NRA), established in 1933 with the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), attempted to end cut-throat competition by setting codes of fair competitive practice to generate more jobs and thus more buying. Although the NRA was welcomed initially, business complained bitterly of over-regulation as recovery began to take hold. The NRA was declared unconstitutional in 1935. By this time other policies were fostering recovery, and the government soon took the position that administered prices in certain lines of business were a severe drain on the national economy and a barrier to recovery. It was also during the New Deal that organized labor made greater gains than at any previous time in American history. NIRA had guaranteed to labor the right of collective bargaining (bargaining as a unit representing individual workers with industry), while not a new concept it was quite radical. Then in 1935 Congress passed the National Labor Relations Act, which defined unfair labor practices, gave workers the right to bargain through unions of their own choice and prohibited employers from interfering with union activities.